RTP & House Edge Calculator

Last updated: 2026-07-14

Convert RTP to house edge and expected loss per hour, then run a 10,000-session Monte Carlo simulation to see the bankroll-outcome distribution, bust probability, and percentile results at any volatility.

Loss Per Hour
$40.00
At 96% RTP, betting $2.00 a spin, you'd lose about $40.00 an hour.
Casino's Cut (Edge)
4.0%
= 1 - RTP
Loss / $100 Wagered
$4.00
Median Ending Bankroll
$377
-$123 vs start
Bust Probability
32.4%
ran out of bankroll

How Do RTP and House Edge Relate?

RTP and house edge are two views of the same number: house edge = 1 − RTP. A 96% RTP slot returns 96 cents per dollar wagered on average and keeps 4 cents as the house edge. The converter turns that edge into expected loss per $100 wagered, per hour, and across a full session so an abstract percentage becomes a dollar figure.

Why Does Volatility Matter as Much as RTP?

RTP sets the long-run average; volatility sets how wildly results swing around it. Two 96% games — one low-variance, one a high-variance jackpot slot — deliver very different sessions. The high-variance game busts bankrolls faster but also produces the rare large wins. Our simulator draws each spin from a distribution matched to both the RTP and the volatility you set, so the outcome spread reflects real game behavior.

What Does the Session Simulator Show?

Running 10,000 Monte Carlo sessions produces a distribution of ending bankrolls, a bust probability, and median and percentile outcomes. It makes variance and risk of ruin concrete: you can see how often a bankroll survives, how wide the range of results is, and how the house edge pulls the center below your starting point over time. Pair it with the expected loss calculator and the bonus value calculator, and explore live market data on the Odds Reference dashboard.

Key Takeaways

  • House edge = 1 − RTP; the conversion is exact and reversible.
  • Expected loss is per dollar wagered, and re-wagering compounds it over a session.
  • Volatility, not RTP, drives short-term swings and bust probability.
  • Every RTP below 100% carries negative expected value in the long run.
  • The 10,000-session distribution is educational risk modeling, not a session prediction.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you convert RTP to house edge?
House edge equals 1 minus RTP. A 96% RTP game carries a 4% house edge, meaning the casino expects to keep 4 cents of every dollar wagered over the long run. A 98.5% RTP game has a 1.5% edge. The relationship is exact and reversible: RTP = 1 − house edge.
What does house edge mean in real money?
House edge is expected loss per dollar wagered, not per dollar deposited. At a 4% edge, wagering $100 total costs about $4 in expectation. Because you re-wager winnings, hourly loss depends on bet size and speed: $2 bets at 500 spins per hour cycle $1,000 hourly, costing roughly $40 at a 4% edge.
What is casino volatility and why does it matter?
Volatility (variance) measures how much individual results swing around the average. Low-volatility games pay small amounts often; high-volatility slots pay rarely but large. Two games with identical RTP can produce completely different session experiences — volatility, not RTP, drives short-term wins, losses, and bust risk.
How does the session simulator work?
It runs 10,000 Monte Carlo sessions of your bankroll, bet size, RTP, volatility, and number of spins. Each spin draws a payout multiple from a distribution matched to the game (mean = RTP, standard deviation = volatility). The output shows the full distribution of ending bankrolls, bust probability, and median and percentile outcomes.
What is bust probability?
Bust probability is the share of simulated sessions where the bankroll fell below one bet before the session ended. It rises with higher house edge, higher volatility relative to bankroll, and more spins. It is a risk-of-ruin estimate, not a prediction of any single session.
Does a higher RTP guarantee a winning session?
No. Even a 99% RTP game has a negative expected value, so the long-run trend is downward. RTP only shifts the average; variance determines whether any given session ends up or down. Over enough spins, the house edge dominates and the distribution centers below your starting bankroll.

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